Authored
The Digital Money Wars
デジタルマネー戦争
Koji Fusa · Koichiro Tokuoka
English edition with Nicholas Edwards
Forest Publishing, 2021
GVE develops quantum-secure digital currency infrastructure for central banks, sovereign wealth institutions, and global financial systems — with patents valid through December 2040.
GVE is committed to transforming the global financial system through quantum-resistant infrastructure. Our Copernican approach redefines the operating model of money for central banks, sovereign wealth funds, and international financial institutions — providing secure, efficient services for domestic settlement and cross-border settlement alike.
Domestic payment completes in under 0.2 seconds at a contactless terminal. Securities settlement no longer has to pass through a central counterparty.
Electronic health records across national hospital networks, readable within seconds by a quantum-secure route.
Biometric authentication on one personal device carries the holder across national ID, banking and public services — and takes the friction out of impersonation and phishing defences.
Once the device and its holder are matched on a phone or PC, the platform is 100% independent of GAFAM infrastructure, Chinese tech platforms and legacy PKI suppliers.
GVE has developed an information infrastructure that delivers the speed modern services require while protecting against present and imminent threats — privilege escalation driven by AI, and harvest-now-decrypt-later attacks enabled by quantum computers.
Pre-Shared Key infrastructure eliminates TLS-PKI certificate verification overhead — shortening the connection handshake to sub-millisecond latency. Key distribution is fully automated via offline registration and internal HSM sync cycles.
Overwhelming SpeedMore secure, faster, less expensive, and simpler than other post-quantum cryptography approaches that rely on public keys — holding that advantage on the measures that matter in the AI era and in the quantum era alike.
Public-Key-Free PQCGVE's platform directly counters the HNDL attack vector — the collection of encrypted communications today for decryption once quantum computers become practical. State secrets, financial data, and electronic health records — dense concentrations of personal data — stay protected across the full threat horizon.
Long-Horizon SecurityCritical cryptographic keys are isolated within certified hardware that physically self-destructs upon intrusion detection. Meets FIPS 140-3 Level 4 standards.
The master key is distributed across multiple independent custodians using Shamir's Secret Sharing — no single entity can restore the key without quorum agreement.
GVE's architecture is built on the international standard for payment interoperability in IoT environments, where devices are online around the clock. GVE's founders took part in drafting it and helped shape the standard itself.
GVE plans to obtain Japan's IoT security certification along with the other major certifications worldwide, and ultimately to accelerate deployment into critical national infrastructure through independent audit against the Common Criteria.
A combination of foundational patent protection, technological advantage, and a Public Private Partnership model designed for engagement with banks, financial institutions and states.
GVE's Central Bank Digital Currency platform is a real-time gross settlement (RTGS) infrastructure for any legal tender. Central bank-issued currency is only about 3% of M2 — the remaining 97% is GVE's first target for secure digitisation.
A vaccine-passport system for verifying immunisation records at airports. In 2024 VICSA was adopted by the WHO Digital Clearinghouse as one of ten solutions selected worldwide.
GVE holds broad foundational patents across the three themes essential to digitising global finance, mirroring the basic-patent strategies the three leading technology companies of 2017 adopted early. The gatekeeping PTI patent runs to December 2040. This is GVE's moat.
JP6316530B · JP7085094B · JP7353670B · US10628886(B2) · US11341576(B2) · US11341577(B2) · SG 11201910783W
JP6580277B
JP6963872B · JP7064219B · US2023177497(A1)
JP7085097B
A combination extraordinarily rare across global fintech, CBDC, same-day settlement in capital markets, and real-time cross-border payment.
Created the world's first smart/contactless card system — NFC, now carrying an estimated 1.2 billion contactless payments a day worldwide.
Built the foundation of the world's first mobile payment system — predating Apple Pay and Google Pay by nearly a decade.
Involved in drafting ISO/IEC 24643 — the international standard for payment interoperability in IoT environments and for real-time server access resistant to AI and quantum attack.
Patented Private Key-Only PQC Infrastructure — granted across US, Japan, Singapore, South Africa, and Saudi Arabia. Against unauthorised AI privilege escalation on bank servers, the three-dimensional 3-way-database defence is patented as well.
Former CEO of UBS Trust & Banking Japan, then the highest-rated private bank in Japan. Concurrently a director of DLJdirect SFG, Japan's second-largest online broker, from 2000 to 2003, and of Emcom, then the world's largest independent FX technology company, from 2005. Deep expertise in engagement with overseas central banks and governments, and in sovereign capital markets; highly regarded among European policymakers, financial academics and practitioners in standardisation. Concurrently special strategic adviser to paediatrics at the University of Oxford. Responsible for GVE's long-term strategy.
Involved in drafting and refining the ECMAScript standard at Ecma International. Leads GVE's automation through AI assistants, and the strategy of getting the largest result from a small, senior team.
Leads GVE's technology development. Former Director and CTO of Raksul, lead engineer at DeNA, and built bond trading systems at Morgan Stanley. Director of the Japan CTO Association.
A security specialist, highly regarded outside Japan as the developer of NFC. Strategic adviser on security and originator of GVE's long-term technology vision. Inventor of the NFC (implemented 1997) and mobile payment (implemented 2004) technologies that underpin GVE OS.
Written and translated into English by GVE's founders — an account of GVE's long-term strategy: the transformation of money, the technology that started it, and an IP strategy that maximises TAM and moat by mixing international standardisation with what is kept in the black box.
| Trade Name | GVE Ltd. |
| Corporation No. | 0100-01-187660 |
| Established | November 10, 2017 |
| Chief Executive | Koji Fusa |
| Registered Office | Kabuto-cho Kaisei Building Annex 4F, 13-1 Nihonbashi Kabuto-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0026 |
| Capital | ¥100,000,000 JPY (as of October 2025) |
| Website | gve.net |
In 2017, the co-founders of GVE rethought the financial system from first principles — improving security and operational efficiency at a structural level. The resulting system has been independently patented across the United States, Singapore, and Japan.
GVE aims to capture 1% of the $3 trillion global payments market through a Public Private Partnership model designed specifically for sovereign engagement in developing economies.
The history of money — from gold to paper to digital — is one of humanity's greatest ongoing inventions. We are engineering its next chapter.